Optical fibers are also unaffected by electromagnetic interference. This leads to a wide variety of confusion, misconceptions, and errors when working with fiber optic networks. How fiber works the basics, fiber types and limitations, etc optical power understanding dbm, loss, using light meters, etc working with optics choosing the right type. Metal wires are preferred for transmission in optical fiber communication as signals travel with fewer damages. The basic principle involves placing the fiber under tension, scribing with a diamond or carbide blade perpendicular to the axis, and then pulling the fiber apart to produce a clean break. A connector terminates the optical fiber inside a ceramic ferrule, using epoxy to hold the fiber in place. An optical fiber is a thin, flexible, crystal clear fiber that acts as a waveguide, or light pipe, to convey light between the two ends of the fiber.
Usually, a fiber optic communication system consists of three main components. Tutorials of fiber optic products here you can find the. Optical fiber communication seminar and ppt with pdf report. Message input laser detector message output electrical input electrical. The same way optical is revolutionizing the access network, there is an ongoing trend where optical is used for inbuilding networks as well. In addition, other personnel who wish to gain a general understanding of dwdm are encouraged to attend. Opticalnetwork drivers many factors are driving the need for optical networks. An overview on application of machine learning techniques.
This central section, made of silica or doped silica, is the light transmitting region of the fiber. A few of the most important reasons for migrating to the optical layer are described in this module. Fiber optic communication tutorial fiber optic basics. Optical networks are telecommunications network of high capacity. The bus is a high bandwidth optical fibre which traverses the entire distribution area. Passive optical network pon is a form of fiberoptic access network that uses pointtomultipoint fiber to the premises in which unpowered optical splitters are used to enable a single optical fiber to serve multiple premises. Wdm optical network divide the vast transmission bandwidth available on a fiber into several different smaller capacity channels nonoverlapping bandwidths, each of these channels can be operated at a moderate bit rate 2. Fiber capacity the first implementation of what has emerged as the optical network began on routes that were fiber limited. This page on fiber optic communication tutorial covers basics,benefits of fiber optic system, fiber optic cablesconnectors,optical transmitter,optical receiver and optical components the fiber optic communication systems are mainly used for long distance telephone communication across large seas and nowadays even for transmitting internet data from. As an important technology in the fiber optical network, wdm is moving beyond transport to become the basis of alloptical networking.
This page contains optical fiber communication seminar and ppt with pdf report. Optical fiber communication seminar ppt with pdf report. Fractions of the optical power on the bus aretapped off to provide a signal to each subscriber. Synchronous digital hierarchy sdh columbia university. Fiber all the way to the home or business customer ftth or fttb. The internet as an industry is largely based around fiber.
Maximum optical power loss in the odn difference between the tx power and the sensitivity of the rx considers attenuation of fiber, connectors, splices, splitters, etc. A unit of measurement of optical power, which indicates relative power. This technology enables telecommunications service providers to send voice, data, and video at ever increasing rates. University academy formerlyip university cseit 11,016 views. The outside optical layer of the fiber that traps the light in the core and guides it along even through curves. The range of signal frequencies or bit rate within which a fiber optic component, link or network will operate. Synchronous digital hierarchy sdh definition synchronous digital hierarchy sdh and synchronous optical network sonet refer to a group of fiberoptic transmission rates that can transport digital signals with different capacities. Radio access network tutorial pdf the entities in utran are. In premises applications, fiber optic cables can be used as the backbone cabling in a standard structured cabling network, connecting network hardware in the computer roommain cross connect. This selfstudy program is designed to introduce the designer or manager to the process of fiber optic network design and the implementation of that design in a real world project. In the first one fiber is dedicated to each user in the access network. It is commonly deployed in two specific configurations.
The connectors can be mated and unmated at any time. In every phase bl increased initially but began to saturate as the technology matured. Although fiber optic cable is still more expensive than other types of cable, its favored for todays highspeed data communications because it eliminates the problems of twistedpair cable, such as nearend crosstalk next, electromagnetic interference eivii, and security breaches. This manual attempts to aggregate all of the available information on ituts work. Passive optical network tutorial what is passive optical network. Everything you always wanted to know about optical. Cfo 301 standard for installing and testing fiber optics management, security or fire alarm systems, or any other communications link. Learn about fiber optic basics, fiber, jargon, cable, termination, network, estimation, testing, training, and glossary. From a networking perspective, the increased complexity of the underlying transmission systems is re. While fttb and ftth solutions have fiber reaching all the way to. This book is based on lectures presented at an annual short course entitled fiber optic communication systems at the university of california at santa barbara. The optical channel layer network p rovides endtoend connection of optical channels for transmit information of varying formats.
Overview this tutorial discusses synchronous transmission standards in world public telecommunications networks. Optical fiber is a highlytransparent strand of glass that transmits light signals with low attenuation loss of signal power over long distances, providing nearly limitless bandwidth. The optical transmitter converts the electrical signal to the optical signal. Tutorial fiber basics optical fibers are circular dielectric waveguides that can transport optical energy and information. Optical fiber transmission uses wavelengths that are in the nearinfrared portion of the spectrum, just above the visible, and thus undetectable to the unaided eye. Singlemode optical fiber is an optical fiber in which only the lowest order bound mode can propagate at the wavelength of interest typically 0 to 20nm. Cable designs for fiber optic networks fiber optic tutorial. Ftth is simply the 100% deployment of optical fiber in the access network. The transponder is a device to optimize the performance of wdm network, which plays an important in the whole system of wdm network. Optical fiber networks have high capacity can be used for providing the high bandwidth services even in wireless, infrared means high bandwidth connectivity.
Note that standards use terminology node b for base. All the networks using optical fiber as transmission medium optical networks when transmitted signal remains in optical form till its arrival at destination alloptical network. The technology ofusing multiple optical signals ont he same fiber iscalled wavee gth divisi utipexi g wdm. Typical optical transmission wavelengths are 850 nm, 10 nm, and 1550 nm. In the past, fiber optic connectors posed a deep concern for network installers because they were difficult to use. Our fbk3 and fk11 fiber optic cleavers make the process. An optical fiber is a long thin strand of impurityfree glass used as a transport medium for data. Both lasers and leds are used to transmit light through optical fiber. The center of the fiber where the light is transmitted.
The x in fttx stands for different things based on how close the fiber terminates to the end customer. Fttx can use p2p links to reach the end users or a pon based p2mp topology. They are based on optical technologies and components, and are used to route, groom, and restore wavelength levels and wavelengthbased services. Fundamentals of optical fiber communications 2nd edition. This tutorial is divided into distinct chapters, which explains the structural features of optical fibers and their connections in. In case of conflict between the material contained in the tutorial and the material. Thin strands of highly transparent glass or sometimes plastic that guide light. An optical network unit onu is located at the curb fttc solution, or an optical network terminal ont is located at the end user location ftth, fttb solutions, to provide broadband voice, data, and video services with guaranteed quality of service.
Fundamentals of optical fiber communication, second edition is a sevenchapter tutorial text that considers fiber optic technology as applied to communications systems. The basics of fiber optics getting started in fiber optics you need tools, test equipment and most of all training. These are loosetube, which are used in many outside plants, duct, directburied applications, and tightbuffered, which are primarily used inside buildings. Fiber cleaving is the fastest way to achieve a mirrorflat fiber end it takes only seconds. However, it is not always easy to find out what has been covered, and where it can be found. They have a central core surrounded by a concentric cladding with slightly lower by. Design and implementation of a fiber to the home ftth. Home optical fiber communication note for optical fibre communication ofc by sunil s. Note for optical fibre communication ofc by sunil s.
But today, manufacturers are making connectors that are more userfriendly and that adhere to certain industry standards. An overview of gpon in thean overview of gpon in the. Note for optical fibre communication ofc by sunil s harakannanavar. Yet many router jockeys dont get enough exposure to it. A typical pointtopoint fiber optic communication network consists of a transmitter laser, a transport medium optical fiber and a receiver photodiode as in figure 1. An optical fiber is made of 3 concentric layers see figure 3. Optical fiber is the technology associated with data transmission using light pulses traveling along with a long fiber which is usually made of plastic or glass. A 10 db means a reduction in power by 10 times, 20 db means another 10. Since the network adapter and switch are backward compatible, the data rate of supported dac should no higher than connected two devices on each end. Purpose of this tutorial why talk about optical networking.
Today in north america, there are two basic cable designs that are used for designing fiber optic networks. And how to optimize wdm network has always been a hot topic. In the second, one fiber is shared via a power splitter amongst a set amount of users. Dwdm primer course description fnc and fnc customer use only scope the dwdm primer course is intended for network planners, and engineers who would like to familiarize themselves with dwdm technology. Wdm optical network archives tutorials of fiber optic. The first phase the first phase of lightwave systems operated near 850 nm and used gaas semiconductor lasers with multimode fibres. The proposed tutorial will be a collections of background, stateoftheart, and open research topics in the area of cloud radio access networks. Components of gpon ftth access network a passive optical network pon is a pointtomultipoint, shared optical fiber to the premises network architecture in.
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